Here are a few words in Marathi-
Lemon लिंबू limbu
Bitter gourd कारले Kaarle
onion कांदा kaanda
Cucumber काकड़ी kaakdi
Ginger आले aale
Snake gourd परवळ parval
potato बटाटा bataataa
Chilli मिरची mirchi
Cabbage कोबी kobi
Cauliflower फुलकोबी Fulkobi
Radish मुळा mula

Vegetable Names in Marathi - मराठी में सब्जियों के नाम

Vegetables and fruits are specific parts of plants which are editble by human beings. From the time immemorial human has been consuming cooked food, and thence they started differentiating between fruits and vegetables. Vegetables are normally not consumed without cooking. Because they don't taste sweet without cooking.
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एक अच्छा विचार -
संसार का सबसे बडा दिवालिया वह है जिसने उत्साह खो दिया ।
— श्रीराम शर्मा आचार्य